Hambirrao Mohite (1667–1687) was a prominent military commander and trusted general of the Maratha Empire under the leadership of Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj and later his son, Chhatrapati Sambhaji Maharaj. He is best remembered for his exceptional bravery, strategic acumen, and loyalty to the Maratha cause. As the Sarnobat (commander-in-chief) of the Maratha army, Hambirrao played a key role in several pivotal battles and contributed significantly to the expansion and consolidation of the Maratha Empire.
Early Life and Background
Hambirrao Mohite was born in 1667 into the Mohite family, a prominent clan known for its allegiance to the Maratha Empire. He was the younger brother of Soyarabai Bhosale, Shivaji’s second wife, making him a brother-in-law of the great Maratha leader.
Growing up in a military family, Hambirrao was exposed to warfare and strategy from an early age. He trained in the martial traditions of the Maratha people and developed a strong sense of loyalty to Shivaji and the Maratha Empire.
Military Career and Achievements
Hambirrao’s rise to prominence began with his appointment as the Sarnobat of the Maratha army in 1676, replacing Prataprao Gujar. His appointment to this position was a testament to his skills as a warrior and strategist. As Sarnobat, he was responsible for leading the Maratha forces in battle and executing military strategies to protect and expand the empire.
Key Battles and Campaigns
- Battle of Pavan Khind (Ghod Khind): One of Hambirrao’s notable battles occurred at Pavan Khind in 1673. The Marathas faced a large Mughal force led by Bahlol Khan. Although Shivaji was initially trapped in the pass, the Marathas, led by Baji Prabhu Deshpande and with Hambirrao’s support, managed to hold off the Mughals and ensure Shivaji’s safe escape.
- Battle of Vishalgad: In 1676, Hambirrao played a significant role in the Battle of Vishalgad, leading the Maratha forces in an attack on the Vishalgad fort to expel the Mughal garrison. His leadership contributed to the successful recapture of the fort.
- Battle of Sangamner: In 1679, Hambirrao fought in the Battle of Sangamner against the Mughal forces. The Marathas faced a larger enemy force, but Hambirrao’s strategic brilliance and courageous leadership allowed the Marathas to inflict heavy losses on the Mughals and emerge victorious.
Relationship with Shivaji and Sambhaji
Hambirrao’s loyalty to
Shivaji Maharaj was unwavering. He was one of the most trusted commanders of Shivaji, known for his bravery and tactical acumen on the battlefield. His close relationship with Shivaji enabled him to carry out complex military operations and played a crucial role in strengthening the Maratha Empire.
After Shivaji’s death in 1680, Hambirrao continued to serve under Shivaji’s son, Chhatrapati Sambhaji Maharaj. His loyalty remained steadfast, and he continued to play a significant role in the defense and expansion of the Maratha Empire.
Key Characteristics and Leadership Style
Hambirrao Mohite was known for his exceptional bravery, leadership, and dedication to the Maratha cause. His ability to inspire and lead troops in battle was unparalleled, and he was respected by his soldiers for his courage and strategic mind.
He was also known for his fierce and decisive approach to battle, often leading his troops from the front. His skill in guerrilla warfare and understanding of enemy tactics made him a formidable adversary for the Mughal forces.
Death and Legacy
Hambirrao Mohite’s life came to an end during a battle against the Mughal forces. He fought valiantly until his death on April 1, 1687, at the Battle of Wai, demonstrating his commitment to the Maratha cause even in his final moments.
His sacrifice was a significant loss to the Maratha Empire, as he was one of its most effective and respected commanders. However, his contributions to the empire and his legacy as a brave warrior continue to be remembered and celebrated.
Legacy and Influence
Hambirrao Mohite’s impact on the Maratha Empire is immense. His strategies and leadership helped shape the Maratha military and contributed to the empire’s growth and success. His unwavering loyalty and dedication to Shivaji and Sambhaji set an example for future generations of Maratha warriors.
He remains a celebrated figure in Maratha history, remembered for his courage and selflessness on the battlefield. His legacy has been immortalized in literature, folklore, and history, and he continues to be an inspiration to those who admire the Maratha Empire and its heritage.
Conclusion
Hambirrao Mohite’s life and military career exemplify the values of bravery, loyalty, and dedication to one’s cause. His contributions to the Maratha Empire and his close relationship with Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj and Sambhaji Maharaj have solidified his place in history as one of the greatest military commanders of the Maratha Empire. His story is a source of inspiration and pride for those who seek to understand the rich history and legacy of the Maratha people.
